The Amazigh communities of North Africa are ushering in the year 2974 of their calendar, which traces its origins to 950 BCE, when King Sheshonq ascended to the throne in Egypt. This year’s Yennayer, marking the end of the agricultural year and the start of a new one, was celebrated on January 13.
Derived from “yan” (first) and “ayur” (month), Yennayer coincides with the coldest weeks of winter and is a significant cultural event for the Amazigh, considered the original inhabitants of North Africa. The festivities, rooted in tradition, symbolize abundance and fertility, with a focus on communal meals and honoring nature.
Symbolic Meals and Festivities
Central to Yennayer celebrations is a symbolic meal, rich with ingredients that represent prosperity and renewal. Tradition holds that leaving the table with food still on it wards off famine and ensures a fruitful year ahead.
The celebrations, while varying across different regions and among the Amazigh diaspora, universally emphasize a festive meal that underscores Amazigh identity and heritage.
A National Holiday in Morocco
This year’s Yennayer holds special significance in Morocco, following King Mohammed VI’s declaration in May 2023 making the celebration a national holiday. For the first time, Morocco officially marked the Amazigh New Year with nationwide festivities.
In Morocco’s High Atlas region, traditional dishes like tagoula, made from barley or corn groats, smen, olive oil, or argan oil, and honey, were prepared. In the Ouirgane Valley, a hidden almond in couscous topped with hard-boiled eggs and cinnamon symbolized good fortune.
Celebrations in Algeria
In Algeria, Yennayer is celebrated with couscous, a staple made from barley or wheat served with a hearty broth of legumes and meat. Other traditional dishes like rechta, featuring fresh pasta, chicken, chickpeas, and turnips, also take center stage.
Sweets, including baskets of dates, dried fruits, and an array of confections, are enjoyed after meals, often accompanied by tea, as families gather to celebrate.
A Celebration of Heritage
Yennayer is more than a new year celebration; it is a vibrant affirmation of Amazigh culture and a time for communities to reflect on their rich heritage. The celebrations, marked by joy and unity, continue to be a vital expression of the Amazigh identity in North Africa and beyond.